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Browsing Presentations by Subject "Food security"
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- ItemDeterminants of Rice Marketed Surplus in Togo: A Heckman Two-Stage Selection Approach(2013) Latha Nagarajan; Aliou Diagne; Anwar Naseem; Serge AdjognonThis study examines the dynamics of rice consumption and production in Togo, a country where rice ranks third in consumption after maize and sorghum, constituting 3% of the total GDP. Despite a 17.40% growth in rice production from 2005 to 2008, consumption has outpaced domestic production, resulting in significant imports costing $7.5 million annually. The inefficiency of agricultural production efforts without a robust marketing system is highlighted. The research employs the Heckman 2 Stage Selection Model to analyze the major determinants of rice marketed surplus in Togo, with a particular focus on the impact of transaction costs. Data from the Consumer Preferences Survey (2010) conducted by the AfricaRice Center, involving 253 randomly selected rice producer households from five main regions, informs the analysis. The two-stage model involves a probit estimation to determine market participation factors and an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimation to analyze marketed surplus. Results indicate a 76% market participation rate and an average marketed surplus of 2 tons. Factors such as household characteristics (schooling, gender, age, family size), market-related characteristics (paddy production, farmer-trader status, paddy price), and social network participation influence market outcomes. Region-specific effects and the Inverse Mill Ratio are also considered. The findings suggest that government interventions in the Maritimes and Kara regions have positively impacted market participation. However, considerable imperfections in the rice market chain, compounded by transaction costs, hinder efficient price transmission to farmers. The study underscores the importance of addressing market imperfections alongside efforts to boost rice production. The government and development agencies are urged to target these issues to enhance the overall effectiveness of interventions.
- ItemEfficient Base of the Pyramid Marketing and Distribution Strategies(2017) Janet Macharia; Kwame PipimBase of the pyramid (BoP) marketing and distribution strategies aim to tap into a consumer segment with low purchasing power while addressing their unique characteristics and operating within informal markets. This approach offers business opportunities to companies while improving food and nutrition security for BoP consumers. BoP marketing requires reducing product costs and ensuring proximity and convenience for consumers. The 4As approach (Awareness, Acceptability, Availability, Affordability) is tailored to the BoP market's needs. BoP consumers represent a large and important market segment, particularly in the food industry, with significant untapped potential. Successful BoP marketing and distribution strategies rely on a market-driven approach, even though many value chain actors may initially overlook the market opportunity the BoP presents. Pilot projects are often conducted to gather consumer insights, assess market suitability, and develop effective strategies. These pilots involve experimentation, trial, error, and iterative learning to create innovative marketing and distribution approaches. Partnerships with businesses or processors are typically initiated through existing public-private partnerships or proactive initiatives. To reach consumers effectively, BoP pilots explore distribution channels, such as door-to-door selling and micro franchises. The success of a pilot is evaluated based on sales volume, customer reach, and overall profitability. This evaluation informs the scaling or exit strategies for the partnership. Ultimately, BoP's marketing and distribution strategies aim to create sustainable business models that benefit both companies and BoP consumers.
- ItemFertilizer Cost Chain Analysis(2018-10-16) Grace ChilandeThis document provides an overview of the major changes occurring in the fertilizer markets of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) with a specific focus on Kenya. The shift from commodity purchasing to value chain development is explored, highlighting the evolving roles of distribution channel players and the increasing integration by manufacturers and traders. The importance of balanced nutrition for productivity enhancement and the detrimental effects of soil acidity are recognized. Additionally, governments' growing awareness of mounting food security issues is discussed. The country overview section focuses on Kenya's fertilizer market, highlighting key statistics such as the subsidized market and the dominance of maize and tea crops. The presence of fertilizer blenders, the historical use of certain products like DAP, issues related to compound fertilizers' adulteration, and limited institutional capacity regarding balanced nutrition and product options are outlined. Farmers' reluctance to change and the significance of a reasonable distribution network are also addressed. The publication delves into the fertilizer value chain, encompassing manufacturing, logistics, and margins. The Port of Mombasa is highlighted as a crucial hub, emphasizing its expansion and the estimated discharge rates for fertilizers. The port operations, customs clearance, warehousing, and transportation costs are discussed. Furthermore, the structure of Kenya's fertilizer market, including the national government's procurement and distribution model, commodity-based input-credit-output models, and independent importers, wholesalers, and retailers, is examined. The document concludes by presenting a comparison of retail fertilizer prices in Kenya and global prices, emphasizing the logistics challenges faced in the country. The impact of freight costs, demurrage fees, and port congestion on fertilizer prices is highlighted. The publication raises the question of how to lower fertilizer prices and invites further exploration into potential solutions.
- ItemInnovative Fertilization & Application Technologies - For Yield and Nutrition(2021-11-09) Rob JJ Groot; William Adzawla; Williams K. Atakora ; Amadou Gouzaye; Mohamed El GharousThe presentation focused on transforming the fertilizer sector to enhance nutrient uptake, yield, and nutritional quality of crops. This presentation highlighted the need for a paradigm shift in fertilizer design and application strategies. The symposium addressed the decline in the nutritional quality of crops, specifically micronutrients like zinc and iron, over recent decades and examined the impacts of phosphorus fertilization on these essential nutrients. Discussions included innovative fertilizers such as bio-based and recycled phosphorus products and their potential to improve agronomic efficiency and environmental sustainability. The session also underscored the importance of government support and scientific implementation to scale up these innovations, exemplified by the FERRARI project in Ghana. This initiative aims to improve food and nutrition security through sustainable agricultural intensification, involving capacity strengthening and socio-economic engagement of small-scale farmers.
- ItemShocks and Structural Issues for African Food Production; How to Continue?(2022-09-05) Bindraban, Prem S.In response to rising concerns about African food security and the impact of external shocks, FoodFIRST organized a Vijverberg session on August 29, 2022. This presentation examines the effects of soaring food and fertilizer prices since the war in Ukraine on African food production. The session featured insights from experts such as Dr. Ir. Prem Bindraban and Jan Willem Molenaar. Bindraban highlights the necessity of fertilizer for achieving food security and the sustainable development goals (SDGs) in Africa, dispelling misconceptions about its overuse. Molenaar emphasizes the urgency of addressing structural weaknesses in African agriculture, presenting a systems-based approach to sector transformation. Key takeaways include the need for a long-term vision, addressing root causes, and fostering local ownership. Policy insights focus on optimizing fertilizer use, promoting soil health, and encouraging stakeholder engagement. This session underscores the urgency of coordinated efforts to transform African agriculture sustainably and inclusively, even in the face of global challenges.
- ItemVoucher Schemes for Enhanced Fertilizer Use: Lessons Learned and Policy Implications(2012-01-25) Ian Gregory; David RohrbachThis presentation delves into the efficacy, challenges, and policy implications of voucher schemes aimed at enhancing fertilizer use in agriculture. It scrutinizes historical perspectives, ranging from the universal application of traditional fertilizer subsidies during the Green Revolution to their subsequent pitfalls. Through case studies from various countries like Malawi, Ghana, and Tanzania, the presentation evaluates the outcomes of voucher programs in terms of poverty reduction, food security, and market development. Key considerations include clear program objectives, farmer targeting, private sector involvement, and the necessity of a minimum three-year implementation period. Lessons learned underscore the importance of holistic market development, efficient targeting, and sustainable exit strategies. The presentation concludes by discussing future directions, including the exploration of smart vouchers and ICT-based systems, alternative exit strategies, and third-party monitoring for improved management.