Transfer Efficient Agricultural Technology through Market Systems in Mozambique- Baseline Report September 2021
Date
2021-09
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Abstract
TEAMS program engaged 15,418 farmers (62% women) which are being assisted with traineingson the best agricultural practices to increase productivity and resilience to climate change. In partneship with SDAEs and large inputs supply companies, the program is assisting farmers through technicians and through ICT4Ag packages. The program also explored partnerships and synergies with other partners or initiatives outside the consortium. For instance, TEAMS collaborated with the Peace Process Secretariat (PPS) in assisting the Demobilization, Disarmament, and Reintegration (DDR) process through training demobilized guerrillas in CSA and business skills as part of social reintegration. A total of 590 (62 women) ex-combatants were integrated into farmer groups assisted by the program and developed skills for agriculture activity. Therefore, this report provides information on the activities carried out by the TEAMS program in the Manica and Sofala province as follows:
Main findings
• 47% of the interviewed farmers have primary education, 33% have no schooling and 19% have secondary education. More details are in the chart below.
• The Farmer households have on average between 6 and 7 members (6 in Sofala province and & in Manica province), with 52% between 4 and 8 members, these households cultivate areas ranging from 0.1 to 16 Acre.
• 50% of the areas from 2.1 to 4 hectares, 27% from 0 to 2 hectares, and 15% with an area of 4.1 to 6 hectares. 69% of the land plowed by farmers is nearly flat and 31% is sloped.
• For the cultivation process, 92% farmers are using labor from family members, 5% use hired labor, and 3% use labor from family, friends, and neighbors.
• The land is mostly (58.8%) owned by adult men and 40.3% owned by adult women.
• During the last 12 months, farmers produced 96% corn, 32% caw pea, 30% graded nuts, 26% beans, 26% rice, 24% sweet potatoes, 23% sesame, 21% cassava, vegetables, pumpkin, and sorghum.
• The average corn crops the farmer's harvest is 500 kg/ha, 451 kg/ha in Sofala, and 551 kg/ha in Manica, this production is mostly destined for consumption in the household, and a small part 28% is for marketing.
• For rice cultivation, farmers reported harvesting 365 kg/ha, being 422 kg/ha in Sofala and 308 kg in Sofala province, this production is for household consumption and sale, only farmers in Sofala province reported selling rice produced.
• The average bean crop is harvested at 230 kg/ha, most of which are for household consumption and a small amount for marketing, only farmers in the province of Manica reported selling the beans produced.
The most important for the household, 90% is corn, followed by rice and beans.
• 75% of farmers cultivate Kale, 60% Tomatoes, 50% Cabbage and Lecture
• 49% of farmers have Mango trees, 35% bananas, 20% papaya, and 15% Pineapple and Guava.
• 75% of farmers did not use any type of agricultural inputs and 25% had used at least one type of agricultural input in the last 12 months. 15% used fertilizers, 6% used pesticides and improved seeds.
• 52 Farmers obtain seeds less than 20 km, 4 between 20 and 40 km, and the rest more than 100 km from their household.
• 17% of the households had irrigated agricultural areas and 83% did not. 70% use pouring water by hand, 16% use an Electric or diesel pump.
• Farmers, irrigate their farm in June, July, and August with 13%, 14%, and 15% of responses and in the remaining months of the year with percentages ranging from 5% to 7%.
• 71% of farmers tilled their agricultural areas using swamps (using hands), 20% used animal traction and 3% answered using machines for farming.
• 90% of farmers do not use vegetables to improve soil fertility, 33% of Farmers plants vegetables as a food and sale crop, 6% plants before or after culture, and 5% intercrop.
• The income obtained from the sale of agricultural production 96% used to compare food, 50% to buy possessions (clothes, vehicles, items for the family), 42% with household members (education, health, travel, etc.), and 30% is used to invest in agriculture.
• Farmers have other sources of income, 9% Have onw Business, 5% Work in local business, 3% Labor on other farms, Labor, not on farm and Sale of firewood or charcoal, 2% Work for government or public institution.
• Income from activities outside agriculture 22% used to compare food, 19% to buy possessions (clothes, vehicles, family items), 17% with household members (education, health, travel, etc.), and 10% is used to invest in agriculture
• 60% of the farmers going hungry in January and February, 50% in November and December. In Sofala province with less intensity in November and December with an average below 40%.
• Farmers fed mostly (above 50%) with tubers, vegetables, and leafy vegetables, 30% with vegetables, less than 20% with nut seeds, fruits, eggs, meat, and milk.
In 2020, 71% of farmers are unable to eat healthy and nutritious food, 68% until only a few kinds of foods, 67% worried about not having enough to eat, 64% had to skip a meal, 63% until less than you thought should, 53% were hungry but did not eat, 52% ran out of food, 29% went without eating for a whole day.
• During the best months of the year, 48% of farmers eat food produced in their fields, 38% bought it, 8% received or made some exchange and 5% did not eat.
• During the worst months of the year, 49% of farmers eat purchased products, 41% depend on what they produce, 7% do not eat, and 6% depend on offers.
• Last year 44% of farmers received aid from the government, NGOs, or other organizations. Of those who received, 89% received agricultural inputs, 44% received food, 2% received money and or animals.
• The assisted farmers raise 50% chickens, 30% goats, 20% cattle and less than 10% raise pigs. Farmers in Manica Province raise more goats and cattle while in Sofala Province raise more Chickens and Goats.
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Keywords
Agricultural technology, Markets