Synthesis, Characterization, and Agronomic Evaluation of Iron Phosphate Impurities in Superphosphates
| Author | L. I. Prochnow | |
| Author | Sen H. Chien | |
| Author | E.F. Dillard | |
| Author | Austin, E. Rick | |
| Author | G. Carmona | |
| Author | Julio Henao | |
| Author | Upendra Singh | |
| Author | R. W. Taylor | |
| Date of acession | 2024-03-14T11:41:02Z | |
| Date of availability | 2024-03-14T11:41:02Z | |
| Date of issue | 2003 | |
| Abstract | Two of the most common impurities found in superphosphates processing marginal-grade PR was reported by Bartos (single superphosphate [SSP] and triple superphosphate [TSP]) in et al. (1992), Mullins et al. (1995), Mullins and Sikora the forms of Fe3KH8(PO4)6·6H2O and Fe3KH14(PO4)8·4H2O were syn- (1995), and Prochnow et al. (1998). The results showed thesized (H8-syn and H14-syn, respectively), characterized, and agro- that water solubility of these acidulated P fertilizers nomically evaluated to investigate cost-effective means to optimize required for maximum crop yield was lower than that the utilization of phosphate rocks (PRs) containing Fe impurities. A accepted by some legislation (Official Journal of the solubility study showed that more P was released from both com- European Communities, 1975; Brasil, 1982). However, pounds as pH increased in the 0.01 M KCl solutions (pH 3.0–7.5) and little attempt has been made to adequately characterize more P was released from H14-syn than H8-syn. The two Fe-K-P the impurity compounds present in acidulated P fertiliz- compounds were mixed and compacted with monocalcium phosphate ers, especially in SSP and TSP or to produce large quan- (MCP) at 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of total P as MCP. In a greenhouse tities under laboratory conditions for agronomic eval- study, rates of P were applied at 0, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg P kg 1 from H8-syn, H14-syn, and MCP, while the compacted mixtures were uation. applied only at 40 mg P kg 1 to an Ultisol (thermic Rhodic Kanhaplu- In SSP and TSP, two of the most common waterdults, pH 5.3) cropped with upland and flooded rice (Oryza sativa insoluble P impurities are the generic compounds H8 L.) for 65 d. The results showed that P uptake and dry-matter yield and H14 (Lehr et al., 1967; Frazier et al., 1991). These were greater with H14-syn than H8-syn for both crops and both compounds preferentially form the K-containing com- compounds were more effective for flooded rice than upland rice. pounds, but in the absence of K in solution, Na-con- The calculated values of relative agronomic effectiveness (RAE) of taining compounds will form [(Fe,Al)3NaH8(PO4)6·6H2O H8-syn and H14-syn with respect to MCP were 32 and 72% in dry- or (Fe, Al)3NaH14(PO4)8·4H2O] or even as the analog H9 matter yield for upland rice and 55 and 102% for flooded rice, respec- or H15 members [(Fe, Al)3H9(PO4)6·6H2O or (Fe,Al)3 tively. To reach 90% of maximum dry-matter yield obtained with H15(PO4)8 MCP, it required approximately 43 and 35% of total P as water- ·4H2O] (Frazier et al., 1991; Sullivan et al., soluble P (WSP) in the mixtures of H8-syn and H14-syn with MCP 1991). According to Lehr et al. (1967) and Frazier et for upland rice and only 17 and 11% for flooded rice, respectively. | |
| Citation | Prochnow, L.I., S.H. Chien, E.F. Dillard,E.R. Austin, G. Carmona, J. Henao, U. Singh and R.W. Taylor. 2003. “Synthesis, Characterization, and Agronomic Evaluation of Iron Phosphate Impurities in Superphosphates,” Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 67:1551-1563. | |
| URL | https://hub.ifdc.org/handle/20.500.14297/2894 | |
| Language | en | |
| Subject | Soil | |
| Subject | Plants | |
| Title | Synthesis, Characterization, and Agronomic Evaluation of Iron Phosphate Impurities in Superphosphates | |
| Type | Article |
Files
Original bundle
1 - 1 of 1
Loading...
- Name:
- SynthesisCharacterizationandAgronomic...SSSAJ671551-15632003.pdf
- Size:
- 294.56 KB
- Format:
- Adobe Portable Document Format
- Description:
License bundle
1 - 1 of 1
Loading...
- Name:
- license.txt
- Size:
- 1.71 KB
- Format:
- Item-specific license agreed to upon submission
- Description: